Repair or replace: how do I tell which I need?
Count the problems and look at the deck. Isolated damage on a covering that is otherwise intact is a repair. Wear spread over whole slopes, several separate leaks, a wavy deck or a roof that has already been patched repeatedly points to replacement, because each new patch is fixed to failing material.
The attic is the most honest witness. Water staining along the boards, rusty nail points and soft sheathing show how long water has been getting in, and none of that is visible from outside. A roofer who will not look inside is working with half the information.
If it turns out to be a repair, that is a smaller job and a different page: shingle roof repair covers slope repairs, replacement courses and flashing work on a roof that has life left in it.
What is found under the old shingles?
On older suburban and city twins, usually plank sheathing with gaps between the boards; on later houses, plywood or OSB sheets. Either can be sound or soft depending on what has been running over it. Nail-holding ability matters as much as appearance, because the new covering has to stay on in wind.
Leaks tend to have followed the same paths for years, so the damage is rarely spread evenly. Valleys, the low side of chimneys, sidewalls at a dormer and the eaves are where soft boards turn up, and those are the areas the quote should carry an allowance for.
Old penetrations are the other common find: a redundant vent, a filled-in flue, a bracket from a removed aerial. Each is an opening that was sealed over rather than closed properly, and a tear-off is the opportunity to deal with them permanently.
How does wind here affect the way a roof goes back on?
It argues for getting the edges and the fixings right. The National Weather Service recorded eight confirmed tornadoes in the region during Tropical Storm Isaias on 4 August 2020, with widespread tropical-storm-force gusts, and separately a line of microbursts gusting 60 to 70 mph. Covering fails at its edges first.
That means the drip edge, the starter course, the rake and the ridge get particular attention, because those are the places wind gets underneath a shingle and begins to peel. It also means fixings are placed where the manufacturer's pattern puts them rather than where the gun happens to reach.
Hail is not part of the local story. No county hail record for Philadelphia was found in the sources used for this site, so wind and heavy rain are what the specification is aimed at. The full picture of that storm is in our Tropical Storm Isaias roof damage guide.
What should the quote cover before I sign anything?
The slopes and area measured, the number of layers coming off, an allowance for deck repair, every flashing detail named, the ventilation arrangement, the permit, the skip and site clearance, and who talks to the neighbours. Pennsylvania's home improvement law requires a written contract and limits deposits on larger jobs.
The Attorney General's office holds the current rules on contracts and deposits, so that is where to check the detail rather than taking any contractor's word for it. One piece of state insurance regulator advice applies here too: do not pay in full or sign a completion certificate before the work is finished.
No prices appear on this site and no figure is quoted over the phone, because what moves the price is the roof: area and pitch, layers to remove, deck condition, the number of chimneys and dormers, access for staging and the skip, and the permit. Our guide to what a new roof costs in Philadelphia explains each of those.